Antimony (Sb)

Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin: Stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral Stibnite (Sb2S3). Its compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl. Metallic Sb was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery. The earliest known description of the metal in the West was written in 1540 by Vannoccio Biringuccio.

PROPERTIES & USE

The largest applications for metallic Antinomy are an alloy with Lead and Tin and the Lead-Sb plates in Lead–acid batteries. Alloys of Lead and Tin with Sb have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. Its compounds are prominent additives for Chlorine and Bromine-containing fire retardants found in many commercial and domestic products. An emerging application is the use of this metal in microelectronics. The industrial methods for refining Antimony are roasting and reduction with Carbon or direct reduction of Stibnite with Iron.